{"id":210,"date":"2025-07-01T00:25:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T22:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/?p=210"},"modified":"2026-03-17T12:33:55","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T11:33:55","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%8c-%d8%ad%d9%82-%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%87%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%8c-%d8%ad%d9%82-%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%87%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0642 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_104\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-104\" style=\"width: 118px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-104\" src=\"https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hizawi-276x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u0623. \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\" width=\"118\" height=\"128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hizawi-276x300.jpg 276w, https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hizawi-941x1024.jpg 941w, https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hizawi-768x836.jpg 768w, https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hizawi-1411x1536.jpg 1411w, https:\/\/marsad.sahafa.tn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hizawi.jpg 1505w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 118px) 100vw, 118px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-104\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0623. \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u0623. \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u00a0\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \/ \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a 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\u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 2011 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641 \u00ab\u00a0\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u00a0\u00bb \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u00a0\u00bb<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \/ Bibliographie\u00a0 :<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 19: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 2018\u060c 56 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n<li>Brocal von Plauen, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique\u00a0:<em> Le droit \u00e0 l&rsquo;information en France<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><em>La presse, le citoyen et le juge, <\/em>th\u00e8se de doctorat, Universit\u00e9 Lumi\u00e8re-Lyon 2, 2004<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\">\n<li>Devirieux Claude Jean\u00a0: <em>Manifeste pour le droit \u00e0 l\u2019Information, de la manipulation \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation<\/em>, Presse de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec, 2009<\/li>\n<li>Hizaoui Abdelkrim\u00a0: <em>Tunisia\u00a0:<\/em> <em>The urgent need for media accountability, <\/em>in <em>The Global Handbook of Media Accountability<\/em>, pp 256-265\u00a0; Routledge, NY, 2022<\/li>\n<li>Hizaoui Abdelkrim\u00a0: <em>Media accoutability in Tunisia<\/em>, in Fengler Susan et al. <em>Media accoutability in the MENA Region\u00a0; <\/em>Erich Brost Institute for International Journalism, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 2021, pp 144-161.<\/li>\n<li>Maler Henri\u00a0: <em>Le droit \u00e0 l&rsquo;information, ses conditions et ses cons\u00e9quences, <\/em>Savoir\/Agir 2014\/4 (N\u00b030)<\/li>\n<li>UNESCO\u00a0: <em>Le droit \u00e0 la communication<\/em>, in Etudes et Documents d\u2019Information, Avril 1984, 65 pages, Paris<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 59\u060c 1946<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u00ab\u00a0Le jour viendra o\u00f9 (la DUDH) devra prendre en compte un droit plus large que le droit de l\u2019homme \u00e0 l\u2019information, \u00e9tabli pour la premi\u00e8re fois il y a 21 ans dans l\u2019Article 19. Il s\u2019agit du droit de l\u2019homme \u00e0 communiquer, et c\u2019est l\u2019angle sous lequel il faudra consid\u00e9rer le futur d\u00e9veloppement des communications si on veut vraiment le comprendre\u00a0\u00bb, Jean d\u2019Arcy, (1969)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Fisher Desmond, <em>Le Droit \u00e0 la communication. Rapport sur l\u2019\u00e9tat de la question<\/em>, collection Etudes et documents d\u2019information N\u00b094, Unesco, Paris, 61p, 1984<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00a0\u00bb \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 9 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 droit \u00e0 l\u2019information \u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u00ab\u00a0\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> BROCAL Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique, <em>Le droit \u00e0 l&rsquo;information en France<\/em>, <em>La presse, le citoyen et le juge<\/em>\u00a0; th\u00e8se de doctorat soutenue \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Lyon 2, 2004.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Devirieux Claude Jean, <em>Manifeste pour le droit \u00e0 l\u2019information, de la manipulation \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation<\/em>, PUQ, 2009.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> <em>Appel de la Colline<\/em>, RSF et M\u00e9diapart, 24\/11\/2008, <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.mediapart.fr\/edition\/etats-generaux-de-la-presse-le\/article\/261108\/5000-signataires-comme-eux-signez-l-appel\">https:\/\/blogs.mediapart.fr\/edition\/etats-generaux-de-la-presse-le\/article\/261108\/5000-signataires-comme-eux-signez-l-appel<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 2012<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"\/#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000163102_ara\">https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000163102_ara<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623. \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u00a0\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \/ \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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